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CsLiB6O10 (CLBO) Nonlinear Crystal

17 Jul 2019

Description

Non-linear crystal CLBO for frequency conversion of visible and near-IR laser radiation to the UV range

Cesium lithium borate crystal, CsLiB6O10 (CLBO), is a novel nonlinear optical borate crystal possessing excellent NLO properties in the UV range. Because of its good NLO properties, such as sufficient large nonlinear coefficient, short absorption edge, large values of angular, spectral, and temperature bandwidths, CLBO crystal is well suited for second and higher-order harmonic generation and an excellent material to produce UV and deep UV all-solid-state lasers. Its UV absorption edge reaches 180 nm. The effective nonlinear optical coefficient of CLBO for frequency doubling at 1064nm is about twice as large as that of KDP. CLBO crystals can be grown from the stoichiometric melt with lower viscosity.

All-solid-state ultraviolet lasers have been widely used in the fields of mechanical flaw detection, lithography, micromachining and medicine for the advantages of small volume, long life, high efficiency, good beam quality, wide tuning and narrow spectral line, etc. Utilizing high power near-infrared coherent light source as the fundamental frequency source based on nonlinear tuning technology, generating ultraviolet coherent radiation by multistage frequency conversion is regarded as an important way to develop the ultraviolet coherent light source. The key problem of ultraviolet coherent light source mainly focuses on the development of nonlinear optical frequency conversion crystal in ultraviolet band. The nonlinear optical crystal is one of the conditions for frequency transformation, so the growth, size, damage resistance, conversion efficiency and allowable parameter range of nonlinear optical crystal are required more and more.

Parameter

Chemical formula CsLiB6O10
Crystal structure Tetragonal,Negative uniaxial crystal,42 m
Lattice constants a=10.494Å,c = 8.939Å,Z=4
Mass density 2.461 g/cm3
Moh hardness 5.5
Melting point 1118 K
Molecular mass 364.706
Thermal conductivity 1.25 W/m K
Property Value
Transparency Range 180-2750 nm
Absorption coefficient 0.0013 cm−1
Refractive Indices
1.064 μm n= 1.4340, n= 1.4838
0.532 μm n= 1.4445, n= 1.4971
   
Sellmeier Equations(λ in μm) no= 2.2104+0.01018/(λ2-0.01424)-0.01258λ2
ne= 2.0588+0.00838/(λ2-0.01363)-0.00607λ2
Property Value          
NLO coefficients deff(I)=d36sinθmsin(2φ)          
deff(II)=d36sin(2θm)cos(2φ)          
Therm-Optic Coefficients dno/dT=-1.9*10-6/          
dne/dT=-0.5*10-6/℃          
Damage Threshold 26 GW/cm2          
Wavelength(nm) Phase Matching Angle(°) Deff(pm/V) Angle Tolerence(mrad·cm) Walk-off Angle(°) Spectral Acceptance(nm·cm) Temperature Acceptance(℃·cm)
532+532=266 61.7 0.84 0.49 1.83 0.13 8.3
1064+266=213 68.4 0.87 0.42 1.69 0.16 4.6
λ [μm] 0.2
τp [ns] 0.00014
β × 1011 [cm/W] 120 ± 20
λ[µm] no ne
0.420 1.5058 1.4517
0.450 1.503 1.4493
0.480 1.5006 1.4474
0.500 1.4991 1.4462
0.532 1.4971 1.4445
0.560 1.4957 1.4434
0.590 1.4943 1.4422
0.610 1.4935 1.4414
0.6328 1.4928 1.4409
0.670 1.4915 1.4398
0.700 1.4907 1.4392
0.720 1.4902 1.4387
1.064 1.4838 1.434
d36(0.532 μm) = 0.92 pm/V
d14(0.852 μm) = 0.69 pm/V
d36(0.852 μm) = 0.83 pm/V
d36(1.064μm) = 0.74 pm/V
Interacting wavelengths [μm] θpm [deg] T [◦C] Δθint [deg] ΔT [◦C]
SHG, o + o ⇒ e
0.946 ⇒ 0.473 90 -15   5.0
0.5235 ⇒ 0.26175 65.8 ~160    
0.5321 ⇒ 0.26605 62 ~140    
61.4 20 0.23 6.2
1.0642 ⇒ 0.5321 29.5 20 0.043 52.7
1.3382 ⇒ 0.6691 27.7 20   68.7
SFG, o + o ⇒ e
1.0642 + 0.26605 ⇒ 0.21284 67.3 20   3.6
1.547 + 0.221 ⇒ 0.19338 61.7 150    
1.9079 + 0.2128 ⇒ 0.1914 55 20   1.2
1.0642 + 0.35473 ⇒ 0.26605 50.6 20   6.1
1.0642 + 0.5321 ⇒ 0.35473 39.1 20   18.0
SHG, e + o ⇒ e
1.0642 ⇒ 0.5321 42.4 20   49.4
SFG, e + o ⇒ e
1.9079 + 0.2128 ⇒ 0.1914 57.4 20   1.1
1.0642 + 0.5321 ⇒ 0.35473 48.9 20   17.0
λ [μm] τp [ns] Ithr [GW/cm2] Note
0.2 0.00014 >250 1 kHz
0.266 8 17-19 solution-stirring growth
0.75 6.4  
0.75 9-10 dislocation density∼1.5×104 cm−3
0.75 15-20 dislocation density(0.7 to 1)×104 cm−3
0.75 25 solution-stirring TSSG growth
0.511 20 >0.5 12 kHz
0.527 0.0015 >47 1/6 Hz
0.532 70 >0.043 1 kHz
7 >0.13 10 Hz
0.014 130-520 train of 80 pulses
0.5395 7 >0.67 10 Hz
0.576 8 >0.1 10 Hz
0.800 CW >0.0000038  
0.0014 >600 1 kHz
1.053 0.0015 >100  
1.064 CW 0.000088  
13 >0.35 10 Hz
7 >0.37 10 Hz
1.1 16–19 along [100] direction
1.1 29 along [001] direction
λ [μm] τp [ns] Ithr [GW/cm2] Note
0.266 8 1.4–1.6 conventional crystals
2.0 solution-stirring growth
1.3–1.5 conventional crystals,mechanical polishing
2.3 conventional crystals,ion-beam etching
1.9 high-quality crystals,mechanical polishing
2.9 high-quality crystals,ion-beam etching
Temperature derivative of refractive indices dno/dT=-12.8-0.328/λ
dne/dT=-8.36+0.047/λ-0.039/λ2+0.014/λ3
   
Effective second-order nonlinear coefficient dooe = −d36sin(θ+ρ)sin 2φ
deoe = doee = 2d36sin(θ+ρ)cos(θ+ρ)cos 2φ
Calculation result of second-harmonic conversion efficiency as a function of input fundamental pulse energy CLBO Transmittance Spectrum
Refractive index dispersion Phase-matching angle for typesIandII as a function of the wavelength of fundamental wave

Feature

  • Its UV absorptionedge reaches 180 nm
  • High effective nonlinear opticalcoefficient
  • Largevalues of angular, spectral and temperature bandwidths
  • High laser damage threshold
  • Small discrete angle
  • High frequency conversion efficiency
  • Easy to grow big size single crystal
  • Lowabsorption coefficient

Application

  • All-solid-state ultraviolet lasers
  • Semiconductor lithography
  • PCBdrilling
  • Optical parametric oscillator

CONTACT DETAILS
Nanjing Crylink Photonics Co.,Ltd
No.3, Hengda Road, Economic and Technological Development Zone, Nanjing, China
No.200,Zhaoxian Road,Jiading District,Shanghai City
Nanjing
Jiangsu
210038
China
Tel: (86)025-68790684
Fax: (86)025-68790685
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